Anyone who has kept up with the advancements of JavaScript knows the Prototype library. For those who don’t know, it’s a JavaScript library that wraps a whole bunch of functionality into easy to use (and remember) “shortcuts” for doing things like getting elements on a page, manipulating said elements, and dealing with data. It’s all written in JSON notation and allows you do things like:

$('element-id').addClassName('active').show();

Instead of

var element = document.getElementById('element-id');
    element.className = 'active';
    element.style.display = 'block';

Anyway, things like Prototype, jQuery, Dojo, and YUI all provide some convenience to writing custom JavaScript applications. I haven’t dug super deep into any of the frameworks’ source (mostly because the code has been somewhat obfuscated and “compressed” to save space), but I imagine that they all have one thing in common; they make use of the prototype property to extend both existing and custom built objects/classes in JavaScript.

The prototype Property

Even if you don’t make heavy use of one of the afforementioned framework/toolkits, using the prototype property to extend existing JavaScript objects and/or classes can be quite useful. Say you want an easy way to print out a date. Rather than createing a separate function, just extend the Date object itself.

Date.prototype.months = new Array(
    {name: "January",   abbrev: "Jan", number: "01"},
    {name: "February",  abbrev: "Feb", number: "02"},
    {name: "March",     abbrev: "Mar", number: "03"},
    {name: "April",     abbrev: "Apr", number: "04"},
    {name: "May",       abbrev: "May", number: "05"},
    {name: "June",      abbrev: "Jun", number: "06"},
    {name: "July",      abbrev: "Jul", number: "07"},
    {name: "August",    abbrev: "Aug", number: "08"},
    {name: "September", abbrev: "Sep", number: "09"},
    {name: "October",   abbrev: "Oct", number: "10"},
    {name: "November",  abbrev: "Nov", number: "11"},
    {name: "December",  abbrev: "Dec", number: "12"}
);
Date.prototype.dow = new Array(
    {name: 'Sunday',    abbrev: 'Sun', number: "01"},
    {name: 'Monday',    abbrev: 'Mon', number: "02"},
    {name: 'Tuesday',   abbrev: 'Tue', number: "03"},
    {name: 'Wednesday', abbrev: 'Wed', number: "04"},
    {name: 'Thursday',  abbrev: 'Thu', number: "05"},
    {name: 'Friday',    abbrev: 'Fri', number: "06"},
    {name: 'Saturday',  abbrev: 'Sat', number: "07"}
);
Date.prototype.getShortDate = function() {
    return this.months[this.getMonth()].abbrev + ' ' + this.getDate() + ' ' + this.getFullYear();
};
Date.prototype.getLongDate = function() {
    return this.dow[this.getDay()].name + ', ' + this.months[this.getMonth()].name + ' ' + this.getDate() + ', ' + this.getFullYear();
};
Date.prototype.getValueDate = function() {
    var d = (this.getDate() < 10) ? '0'+this.getDate():this.getDate();
    return this.getFullYear() + '/' + this.months[this.getMonth()].number + '/' + d;
};

var now = new Date();
document.write(now.getLongDate());

And you get something like this . Handy.

Now, there’s a couple of issues with the above script. One, the names aren’t localized and two, there’s probalby a more efficient way to formatting a date (much like the example on this page). But, it works in all the browsers I tested (Chrome, Firefox, IE7, Safari [Mac]).

You can prototype most of the default objects in JavaScript. Say you have an application the has to validate a bunch of text fields. Prototype the String objects to add built in parsing methods for various fields.

String.prototype.isValidEmail = function() { ... }
String.prototype.isValidPhone = function() { ... }

You get the idea.

The prototype property is a handy little tool. There maybe some limitations between browsers, but overall, it should help simplify your code and prevent repetitive and reduntant methods.

If you haven’t seen my previous posts on the subject, I’ve had a little bit of an obsession on film cameras. It started innocently with a couple rangefinders and a TLR, then started growing. An old Rolleiflex SLR, another rangefinder, another SLR, a 90s point & shoot; I’ve become obsessed with the value of older optics and their potential for image quality.

I had heard of people using old manual focus lenses on their modern SLRs but never really gave it much thought. Mostly because I was on a film binge. The film bingeing has subsided (for now) so I bought a couple of cheap lenses (Asahi Super-Takumar 55mm ƒ2 and a Fuji EBC Fujinon 55mm ƒ1.8) and an adapter to mount them on my Canon XTi (400D for you folks across the pond, Kiss Digital X the Asian crowd). All toll, I think I might have been out $45 for the three items (all from ebay… of course). Not bad considering even the cheap-o Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 II will run you between $90 – $100 shipped and I’d argue the Super-Tak is just as sharp with better bokeh.

The Issue

The best manual lens you could get for your digital SLR is only good if you can focus properly. And, when you have a manual lens on your camera, your auto-focus system doesn’t work and most entry level DSLR have pretty crappy viewfinders (dim and small). Yes, they make adapters with focus confirmation which will trick your camera into thinking it has an AF lens on there so that your AF system will tell you when it “thinks” your shot is in focus. I haven’t used one personally, so I can’t really confirm (look, a pun) nor deny their usefulness and/or accuracy.

Personally, I prefer the old school method of a split-image / micro-prism matte focusing screen.

Choices

There are, as far as I know, three choices to choose from. The ever popular Katz Eye focusing screens, the slightly more affordable Haoda focusing screens, and focusingscreen.com. The Katz Eye and Haoda screens both have good reviews all over the web and I probably would have given one of them a chance if I were not in a penny-pinching mode. The Katz Eye starts at $105 and the Haoda at $72 plus shipping. It’s not a bad price for the quality of product, but the focusingscreen.com basic model is $45 and change plus shipping (and tax if your fortunate enough to live in a state with such a thing).

Well, there’s actually a fourth option which I have tried, but didn’t quite workout. It involves dismantling some older camera with a focusing screen, sanding it down to size and installing it. On the XTi I can say that the focus screen that comes in an old Canon T-50 will not work without some serious engineering. You can give it a shot, but, it will be much easier on your constitution to just buy one of the aforementioned products.

The Canon T-50 focus screen is much larger than that of the XTi

Sanded down to size, the T-50 focus fits, but is too thick and needs re-engineering.

The focusingscreen.com Screen

Installing the screen isn’t really that difficult. It just takes a steady hand and some patience (neither of which I possess). I’d recommend having a professional do it purely for the fact that the focus screen is a precision part of your camera’s operation. Screw it up, and you’ll end up paying to get it fixed anyway. I’m currently half way there. The focus screen is installed, but since I live with a bunch of animals, there’s a nice hair in there that I can’t get out. Not detrimental to it’s operation, but annoying nonetheless.

Now, on to the good bits. The focusingscreen.com screen is nice. It has everything you need in a basic focus system: split-image focusing for lining up straight edges in your composition, a micro-prism circle for everything else. Once you get it dialed in and focus is accurate, the split-image / micro-prism is an enormous improvement when it comes to focusing. The focus screen I purchased also has some laser cut dots where the AF points are (with the exception of the center point since it’s occupied by the split-image) so when using an AF lens (like, say, the Canon EF 24mm f2.8), they light up just like normal. They don’t particularly line up for me, but you can certainly see which points are flashing at you. Handy! That’s an extra $45 alone on the Katz Eye.

It came very well packaged and with all the necessary tools to install it yourself. It even came with two finger condoms. How thoughtful. I ordered the focus screen on April 6th and it arrived on April 14th. Pretty fast service coming from Taiwan.

The focusing screen kit came well packaged complete with two finger condoms.

There is a downside to focus screens. The split-image gets dark around f5.6 or f8 and becomes close to impossible to focus. This plagues pretty much all focus screens no matter what brand, type, or age of camera/lens. Cameras that use lenses with ‘Auto’ mode (meaning they automatically ‘stop-down’ the aperture blades when the shutter is pressed) don’t see this because the aperture is always wide open. Unfortunately, on a DSLR with an adapter, that mechanism doesn’t likely exist so you have to manually stop-down the lens when taking the picture after focusing. Not really the fault of the focus screen, but more of an issue with old manual lenses on a digital body.

Another issue (and this might not be an issue at all for some) is the fact that the company is based in Taiwan and their English is less than perfect. Support might be challenging. But, for $45 plus shipping, it’s easy to overlook this. If you’re concerned about support, both Katz Eye and Haoda are noted to have excellent service and support (or, so I’ve read).

A Test Shots

I haven’t done any precise measurements in terms of how accurate the installed screen is, but from the below picture, what was intended to be in focus, is actually in focus.

Canon XTi + FocusingScreen.com focus screen + Vivitar Series 1 70-210mm f3.5

Canon XTi + focusingscreen.com focus screen + Vivitar Series 1 70-200mm f3.5 Macro

Update

More test shots. This time with a ruler. Not pretty, but shows the accuracy of the focus screen. I did three tests with three different lenses and two different mounts.

1. Asahi Super-Takumar 55mm ƒ2
2. Fuji Fujinon 55mm ƒ1.8
3. Olympus Zuiko OM-System 50mm ƒ1.8

All three shots were taken wide open and focused as best I could. I tried to focus on the 90 of the ruler using the micro-prism. Exported from Aperture (from RAW) with Auto-Levels applied in Photoshop for contrast. Given the small size of the lettering and shallow depth of field, it was more difficult that I thought. While they appear to be a tad off, I’d still say the focus screen is accurate. I may redo the test in better lighting at some point. But, here’s the shots.

1. Super Takumar 55mm ƒ2

2. Fuji Fujinon 55mm ƒ1.8

3. Olympus Zuiko 50mm ƒ1.8

Conclusion

The focusingscreen.com focus screen is a very useful tool. Even if you never plan on using a manual focus lens, it can provide valuable feedback. Feedback your AF points will never give you. You will know what is exactly in focus. If you’ve used an old 35mm film SLR, you’ll feel right at home and most likely enjoy the familiarity. If you’ve never used one before, it’s an easy concept to grasp. I highly recommend them.

Is the focusingscreen.com screen superior to the katz Eye or Haoda version? I don’t know. Is it worth the roughly $60? Absolutely.

White Christmas Spiced Winter Lager

Nothing special here. I’m not a large lager fan to begin with (unless it’s PBR) and adding spices to it didn’t help. I have to admit, I had this one after a glass of Deschutes’ The Dissident which is a very difficult beer to follow.

Old Jubilation

Avery is awesome. This is a good beer. Has a good malty flavor with hints of hazelnuts and slight chocolate finish. I recommend this one.

I’ll also recommend their Fifteen Anniversary Ale

Special Holiday Ale

Another interesting brew from Stone, Jolly Pumpkin and Nøgne Ø. This thing is brewed with Chestnuts, Juniper Berry, White Sage and Caraway Seed. Pretty good.

Brrr

I’m not a huge fan of Hefeweizen style beers and since Widmer is pretty much known for their Hefe, I generally shy away from the brewery. But I have to say, their Brrr is a really good seasonal beer. I was pleasantly surprised by the flavor of this brew. Very recommended.

Brown Shugga

Lagunitas is another brewery that rarely disappoints. This “sweet release” brown ale is probably the best brown ale I’ve tasted. I know, I’ve said that before, but I really think this one is better. Enjoy!

Winter Warmer

Skyscraper is a new brewery that sprung up in 2007 down here in Souther California (El Monte of all places). I tried their Winter Warmer last year at Hollingshead and liked it enough to buy a bottle this year.

Holiday Porter

Another decent beer from Sam Adams. I picked up a sampler pack of Samuel Adams holiday beers so I have a couple more to write about a little later. But this Holiday Porter is good. Worth a try. So far, I’m not disappointed of the purchase.

Wow. OK, so with the previous 18 beers and these seven, I am now at 25 holiday beers. I think I can squeeze in five more before the weekend is over to bring me to 30. Stay tuned. Since everyone likes a good list, I’ll have a top 10 list to round up the best of the best of 2008/2009 holiday season.

The Belgium’s are truly maters at brewing and, in general, most of the Belgium beers I’ve tried have been really good. Affligem’s Noël, while a true Belgium in flavor, is nothing to write home about. It’s certainly no St. Bernardus Christmas Ale, but good overall. Smells of good Belgium with hints of spices and caramel and medium brown in color. Careful pouring this, I ended up with a good three inches of cream colored head in one glass (and it takes forever to dissipate). While the taste is that of a decent Belgium strong ale, it didn’t stand out for me.

Worth a try, but don’t go out of your way to hunt this one down.

Hop heads rejoice! This YuleSmith Holiday Ale is chock full of hops. It’s very different from your traditional holiday selection but a welcome change from norm. It has that murky golden color and a wonderful citrus hop smell. It also has an awesome hop kick that lingers in the back of your mouth. If your a true hop head, this is the holiday ale for you. Just pay attention when picking up a bottle; YuleSmith comes in a summer version as well. The summer version comes in a patriotic, 4th of July bottle. It’s hard to miss, but I made the mistake last year and was forced to drink both (such a shame, I know).

Here’s yet another beer from a brewery in which I am less familiar with. I was pleasantly surprised with this fantastic winter warmer! It has a nice dark, reddish-brown color and lovely smell. You can definitely smell the hops amongst the various hints of nutty ale goodness. I starts off with a traditional English ale flavor and finished with a nice hop bitter. Another sleeper in my book.

Highly recommended! I will have to try some of their other offerings for sure. In particular, the Chamberlain Pale Ale and the other winter beer, Longfellow, named after poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Hopefully, I can find some before the end of the holiday season.

Anderson Valley makes some really good beers. Even better is the fact that you can usually get some at Trader Joe’s at a reasonable price. Winter Solstice is a really decent ale. It’s smooth, full bodied and flavorful. Last year I seem to remember it having a distinct vanilla finish which I didn’t taste so much in this year’s batch (which, to me, is a good thing). It’s relatively low in ABV so don’t be afraid to have a couple on a crisp, winter night.

While we’re talking about Anderson Valley, I must mention their Hop Ottin’ IPA. It’s a really good India Pale Ale with a balanced flavor to hop ratio and great floral scent. Hit up Trader Joe’s tonight and pick some up. Good stuff!

Oh what a lovely Belgium ale this Trader Joe’s 2008 Vintage Ale. With its dark and murky medium brown color and that wonderful Belgium scent with hints of fruits and flowers, this wonderful holiday beer is sure to please. It has a nice off white head that slowly decreases over the course of several minutes and is relatively effervescent, almost champaign like. It has that unmistakable Belgium dubbel flavor mixed with sweet holiday goodness and coffee and an almost toffee like after-taste. I have to say, for the price ($4.99 for a 750ml, corked and caged bottle), this is an excellent beer. I don’t think you can find a beer at this price that is as good as this.

WOW! I don’t even know where to begin with this one! Technically, this is not a holiday beer but it’s generally available starting in December. Goose Island does have a Christmas Ale, though, which is why I’m not counting this as a holiday brew (though it should count for two since it has a ridiculously high ABV). This beer is almost not a beer at all. It’s a very dark and very complex brew and as you can guess from the name, is aged in bourbon barrels. I pours black as a winter night and has the aroma of a fine bourbon mixed with an awesome stout. The taste is absolutely amazing. It has very distinct oak, roasted malt, bitter chocolate and charcoal smoke flavors with a strong bourbon kick at the end. It finishes a little on the dry side, but is a very intense beer.

If you don’t have any plans for the next couple hours, pick up a 12oz. bottle and enjoy the hell out it. Just remember, this is a 13% ABV beer. One will make you feel good; two, euphoric; three will kick your ass.

^* For some reason, the bottle says 13% and Goose Island’s website says 11%. I’m going with what is on the bottle, plus it definitely feels like 13%.

Full Sail Brewing is yet another brewery that brews many a beer that rarely disappoints and I generally like anything they have to offer. Wassail is perfect example of Winter Warmer ale with a good aroma and excellent hop flavor. Most winter warmers that I have had tend to lose their hop taste but Wassail nails it. It pours a lovely dark brown with nice subtle head. It’s crisp, hop flavor and holiday spice tones is a warm welcome on a cold winter night.